What type of corrosion is characterized by the oxidation of steel?

The correct answer is oxidation, as it specifically refers to the chemical reaction where steel reacts with oxygen, typically leading to the formation of rust. This process involves the loss of electrons from the iron in the steel, resulting in the formation of iron oxide. This type of corrosion occurs uniformly across the surface of the steel, leading to a general deterioration rather than localized attack.

In contrast, galvanic corrosion involves the electrochemical reaction between two different metals when they are in electrical contact in a corrosive environment. Pitting corrosion is a localized form of corrosion that creates small, deep pits or holes in the material, often due to the breakdown of a protective surface layer. Uniform corrosion spreads relatively evenly over a surface but is more general than just oxidation, which specifically emphasizes the role of oxygen in the corrosion process. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for identifying and mitigating corrosion effectively in materials like steel.